How Much Income Do I Need in Retirement?

Most people are focused on saving for retirement so they’ll have the money they need to fund their income in retirement. However, ask most people how much they’re going to spend in retirement and they have no idea. To plan for retirement effectively, you need to have some sense of what your spending needs are actually going to be.
What Happens to Your Pension If Your Former Employer Goes Bankrupt?

Pensions, along with Social Security, are the core of most people’s reliable income in retirement – they’re what many people plan to live off of, or at least use to cover their most essential expenses. If you’re receiving a pension, or have one coming, you’ve probably contributed to your pension fund for years, maybe decades, […]
Three Questions To Evaluate Longevity Risk For Retirees

Longevity risk—the risk of running out of assets before running out of time—is fundamental to retirement. We know about the distribution of longevity for the overall population, but an individual cannot know in advance precisely where he or she will fall in the distribution.
Understanding the Tools in Your Retirement Income Toolbox

You should be familiar with all of the tools in your retirement income toolbox. Retirement plans can be built to manage varying risks by strategically combining the following retirement income tools in different ways.
Should I Stay or Should I Go? Housing Decisions in Retirement

A plan to meet housing needs is an important part of a retirement income strategy.
Potential Directions for Social Security

A common argument for claiming Social Security early is that the program is about to be dramatically overhauled, but it seems rather unlikely that any impending reforms would leave near retirees with significant reductions to benefits.
Arguments for Claiming Social Security Early

Believe it or not, legitimate arguments exist for claiming Social Security early.
Justifying a Delayed Claiming Age for Social Security

With an understanding about how benefits are calculated, the important question to consider becomes how to develop a Social Security claiming strategy. When should you apply for benefits?
Philosophy of Social Security Claiming Strategies

Social Security claiming strategies can be extremely complicated. Treaties on this topic, some of which are listed in the table below, provide page after page of details, nuances, and exceptions.
Calculating Social Security Retirement Benefits

I will discuss the philosophy of claiming strategies later, but first, it is meaningful to first consider how retirement benefits are calculated.
The Social Security Administration has now followed the same approach for calculating benefits since 1979.